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The Chain of Life in Geological Time ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

408,688 braille cells · 431 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,288 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠋⠞⠀
⠛⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠕⠥⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠞⠕⠏⠇⠁⠎⠍⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠁⠗⠉⠕⠙⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠥⠞⠑⠗⠀⠇⠁⠽⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠺⠓⠁⠞
⠀⠙⠑⠝⠎⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓
⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠇⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠇⠁⠽⠑⠗⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠀⠛⠗⠁⠝⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠀⠁⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠀⠎⠏⠕⠞⠀⠕⠗⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠂⠀
⠉⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠥⠉⠇⠑⠥⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠍⠊⠝⠥⠞⠑
⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠧⠑⠎⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠭⠏⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠇⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠑⠭⠉⠗⠑⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠀
⠁⠇⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙
⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠛⠑⠎⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠗⠽⠀⠉⠁⠧⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠇⠕⠉⠕⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠑⠓⠑⠝⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠕⠋⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠑⠁⠙⠤⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠋⠊⠝⠛⠑⠗⠤⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽
⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠇⠎⠑⠀
⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠶⠏⠎⠑⠥⠙⠕⠏⠕⠙⠊⠁⠶⠲⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠗⠓⠊⠵⠕⠏⠕⠙⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠗⠕⠕⠞⠋⠕⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.