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The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

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1,333,918 braille cells · 1,401 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,160 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠍⠍⠥⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠢⠞⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠢⠂⠀⠀
⠠⠏⠕⠇⠜⠊⠎⠂⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠁⠺⠜⠑⠀⠞⠀⠭⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀
⠴⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠑⠂⠀⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠕⠃⠑⠽⠫⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠎⠑⠢⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠻⠀⠏⠪⠻⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠢⠞⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠷⠀⠀
⠹⠬⠎⠂⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠸⠮⠀⠏⠗⠫⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠎⠂⠀⠸⠓⠀
⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠫⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠳⠎⠀⠞⠂⠀
⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠢⠞⠗⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠌⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠁⠍⠢⠞⠁⠇⠀⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠔⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠀
⠹⠳⠛⠓⠞⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠓⠀⠞⠁⠅⠢⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠏⠻⠊⠕⠙⠀⠷⠀
⠏⠁⠔⠋⠥⠇⠀⠍⠊⠎⠛⠊⠧⠬⠎⠀⠯⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠀⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠫⠀
⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠂⠀⠙⠥⠗⠬⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠜⠝⠑⠌⠀⠯⠀⠁⠝⠭⠊⠳⠎⠀⠀
⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠑⠇⠑⠌⠊⠁⠇⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠓⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠍⠫⠀⠊⠍⠏⠻⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠯⠀⠀⠕⠃⠇⠊⠛⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠐⠥⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀
⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠍⠌⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠁⠌⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠓⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠀
⠌⠗⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠁⠌⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠮
⠀⠿⠑⠍⠕⠌⠀⠯⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠌⠀⠙⠥⠞⠽⠀⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠙⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠏⠽⠗⠁⠍⠊⠙⠎⠀⠯⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠞⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀
⠧⠻⠊⠋⠽⠬⠀⠯⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠬⠀⠮⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀⠎⠥⠝⠂⠀
⠍⠕⠕⠝⠂⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠑⠞⠎⠀⠯⠀⠌⠜⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠕⠗⠊⠢⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠘⠮
⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠬⠎⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠜⠑⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠝⠫⠀
⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠬⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠔⠬⠀⠛⠇⠊⠍⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠀⠑⠧⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠳⠎⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠕⠝⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠢⠞⠀⠔⠀⠕⠇⠙⠢⠀⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.