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The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

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1,333,918 braille cells · 1,401 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,160 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠏⠗⠑⠎⠊⠙⠫⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠸⠓⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠫⠀⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠎⠊⠍⠥⠇⠞⠁⠝⠑⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠠⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠂⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠴⠀⠀⠮⠀⠷⠋⠻⠬⠀⠷⠀
⠦⠃⠊⠗⠙⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠞⠻⠋⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠋⠇⠪⠻⠎⠲⠴⠀⠠⠎⠕⠍⠑⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀
⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠀⠦⠁⠞⠞⠁⠡⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠦⠀⠎⠯⠁⠇⠎⠂⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠺⠬⠎⠂
⠀⠝⠁⠍⠫⠀⠞⠵⠊⠤⠉⠕⠽⠕⠇⠇⠊⠂⠀⠗⠑⠎⠑⠍⠃⠇⠬⠀⠮⠀⠀⠺⠬⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀
⠃⠊⠗⠙⠲⠀⠠⠘⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠁⠀⠎⠳⠝⠙⠀⠇⠀⠞⠀⠷⠀⠞⠔⠽⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠀
⠃⠑⠇⠇⠎⠀⠱⠢⠀⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠇⠅⠫⠴⠀⠶⠠⠞⠑⠵⠕⠵⠕⠍⠕⠉⠂⠀
⠠⠉⠗⠕⠝⠊⠉⠁⠂⠀⠏⠲⠀⠼⠑⠊⠙⠶⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠞⠫⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠬⠀⠮⠀⠿⠑⠛⠕⠬⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠛⠇⠑⠁⠝⠫⠀⠋⠀⠀⠠⠎⠁⠓⠁⠛⠥⠝⠄⠎⠀⠠⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠂⠀⠞⠀⠭⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠜⠗⠽⠀⠕⠥⠞⠂⠀⠍⠀⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠯
⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀⠮⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀⠞⠀⠠⠍⠕⠝⠞⠑⠵⠥⠍⠁⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠜⠹⠇⠽⠀⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠥⠏⠏⠻⠀⠗⠑⠛⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀
⠮⠀⠃⠇⠥⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠢⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠏⠥⠩⠬⠀⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠊⠎⠍⠀⠀⠎⠀⠋⠜⠀⠞
⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠺⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠬⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠦⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠯⠀⠁⠧⠕⠊⠙⠫
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠾⠀⠀⠮⠀⠛⠗⠳⠝⠙⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠀⠎⠥⠗⠏⠗⠊⠎⠬⠀⠞⠀
⠠⠍⠕⠝⠞⠑⠵⠥⠍⠁⠄⠎⠀⠁⠙⠧⠻⠎⠜⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠌⠀⠀
⠝⠑⠊⠛⠓⠃⠕⠗⠬⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠑⠎⠂⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠁⠉⠉⠥⠎⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠷⠀
⠑⠭⠁⠉⠞⠬⠀⠙⠊⠧⠔⠑⠀⠓⠕⠝⠕⠗⠎⠀⠿⠀⠦⠀⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠞⠀
⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠐⠞⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠀⠞⠀⠦⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠀⠗⠑⠧⠻⠫⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠍⠻⠑⠇⠽⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠜⠽⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠯⠀⠍⠳⠹⠤⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇
⠀⠙⠥⠁⠇⠀⠙⠊⠧⠔⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠇⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠽⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠐⠎⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠀⠓⠜⠁⠝⠛⠥⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.