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The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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1,590,360 braille cells · 1,685 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,160 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠋⠊⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠍⠍⠕⠧⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠗⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠗⠑⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠀⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠏⠕⠇⠁⠗⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑
⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠙⠥⠞⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠁⠉⠗⠑⠙⠀
⠏⠊⠇⠛⠗⠊⠍⠁⠛⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠀⠁⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠀
⠠⠍⠑⠭⠊⠉⠕⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠁⠇⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠗⠥⠊⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠏⠕⠇⠁⠗⠊⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠇⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽
⠀⠁⠙⠕⠏⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠗⠥⠝⠀⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠎⠁⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠓⠥⠎⠊⠁⠎⠞⠎⠂⠀⠎⠑⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠥⠝⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠑⠙⠇⠽
⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠏⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀⠇⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎
⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀
⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠋⠥⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠛⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀

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