Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 664, September 22,1888 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 664, September 22,1888 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

180,574 braille cells · 189 embossed pages at 40×25 · 298 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠗⠊⠇⠇⠀⠵⠀⠷⠞⠢⠀⠵⠀⠭⠀⠗⠑⠋⠥⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠥⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠀
⠙⠗⠊⠇⠇⠀⠺⠀⠝⠀⠉⠥⠞⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀
⠍⠽⠀⠙⠗⠊⠇⠇⠎⠀⠷⠀⠧⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠋⠊⠇⠬⠀⠮⠍⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠯⠀⠮⠝⠀⠞⠁⠏⠀⠮⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠶⠓⠕⠇⠙⠬⠀⠮⠀⠺⠊⠗⠑⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀⠧
⠀⠋⠔⠑⠀⠏⠔⠀⠧⠊⠎⠑⠶⠂⠀⠹⠥⠎⠀⠋⠇⠁⠞⠞⠢⠬⠀⠵⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠵⠀
⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠬⠀⠭⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠝⠀⠩⠁⠏⠑⠀⠮⠀⠉⠥⠞⠞⠬⠀⠑⠙⠛⠑⠎⠀⠵⠀
⠎⠏⠕⠅⠢⠀⠷⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠲⠀⠠⠱⠢⠀⠽⠀⠓⠀⠙⠗⠊⠇⠇⠫⠀
⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠀⠏⠇⠥⠛⠀⠋⠊⠗⠍⠇⠽⠂⠀⠮⠝⠀⠓⠀
⠁⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠌⠑⠑⠇⠀⠷⠀⠎⠏⠗⠬⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠀⠋⠊⠇⠫⠀⠎⠀⠵⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠋⠊⠞⠀⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀⠎⠀⠌⠗⠁⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠀⠭⠀⠺⠀⠝⠀⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀
⠺⠫⠛⠬⠀⠶⠯⠀⠎⠏⠇⠊⠞⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠃⠕⠗⠶⠂⠀⠙⠗⠊⠧⠑⠀⠭⠀⠔⠂⠀⠉⠥⠞⠀⠭
⠀⠷⠋⠀⠯⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀⠙⠪⠝⠂⠀⠋⠔⠊⠩⠬⠀⠾⠀⠁⠝⠀⠕⠊⠇⠌⠕⠝⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠏⠂
⠀⠯⠀⠏⠕⠇⠊⠩⠀⠃⠽⠀⠗⠥⠝⠝⠬⠀⠮⠀⠇⠁⠮⠀⠗⠁⠏⠊⠙⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀
⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠹⠔⠀⠃⠕⠭⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠶⠕⠗⠀⠓⠜⠙⠀⠏⠑⠛⠺⠕⠕⠙⠶⠀⠡⠜⠛⠫
⠀⠾⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠁⠝⠞⠔⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠏⠊⠧⠕⠞
⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠃⠥⠗⠗⠂⠀⠹⠗⠪⠝⠀⠑⠊⠮⠗⠀⠺⠁⠽⠂⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠂⠀⠿⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠃⠥⠗⠗⠀⠺⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠉⠅⠀⠷⠀
⠋⠗⠑⠫⠕⠍⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠃⠁⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠏⠊⠧⠕⠞⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜⠇⠽⠲⠀
⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠷⠀⠎⠑⠞⠞⠬⠀⠏⠊⠧⠕⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠇⠕⠝⠛⠻⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠌⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠐⠺⠂⠀⠯⠀⠭
⠀⠝⠑⠫⠎⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠀⠁⠀⠝⠊⠉⠑⠀⠚⠕⠃⠲⠀
⠠⠊⠋⠀⠽⠳⠗⠀⠎⠏⠇⠊⠞⠀⠡⠥⠉⠅⠀⠺⠀⠝⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀⠽⠳⠗⠀⠌⠁⠋⠋⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠁⠗⠃⠕⠗⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠂⠀⠮⠝⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠉⠑⠍⠢⠞⠆⠀⠃⠀⠔⠀⠹⠊⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠕⠂⠀
⠽⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠞⠀⠽⠳⠗⠀⠉⠢⠞⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠳⠝⠙⠀⠏⠊⠧⠕⠞⠀⠑⠝⠞⠻⠎⠀⠭⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠍⠑⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.