Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 664, September 22,1888 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 664, September 22,1888 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

180,574 braille cells · 189 embossed pages at 40×25 · 298 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠠⠝⠑⠧⠻⠮⠇⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠉⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠃⠇⠔⠙⠝⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠂⠀⠮⠗⠑⠿⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠓⠊⠮⠗⠞⠕⠀⠥⠝⠎⠕⠇⠧⠫⠲⠀⠀⠠⠷⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠮⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠌⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠊⠌⠎⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠙⠫⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠑⠭⠊⠌⠬⠀⠝⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠔⠀⠛⠗⠕⠞⠞⠕⠑⠎
⠀⠯⠀⠉⠁⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠔⠀⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠏⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠫⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠮⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠇⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠸⠍⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠻⠑⠌⠬⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠊⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠁⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠊⠌⠀⠱⠕⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠑⠝⠇⠜⠛⠫⠀
⠕⠥⠗⠀⠅⠀⠾⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠃⠞⠻⠗⠁⠝⠑⠳⠎⠀⠋⠁⠥⠝⠁⠀⠯⠀
⠋⠇⠕⠗⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠻⠞⠀⠠⠎⠡⠝⠑⠊⠙⠻⠂⠀⠷⠀⠠⠃⠻⠇⠔⠂⠀
⠱⠕⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠦⠀⠌⠥⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠝⠑⠜⠀
⠠⠺⠁⠇⠙⠢⠃⠥⠗⠛⠀⠯⠀⠠⠁⠇⠞⠺⠁⠎⠎⠻⠂⠀⠔⠀⠠⠎⠊⠇⠑⠎⠊⠁⠂⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠁⠇⠞⠀⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠠⠌⠁⠎⠎⠋⠥⠗⠞⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠀⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠠⠅⠇⠁⠥⠌⠓⠁⠇⠂⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠥⠏⠏⠻⠀⠠⠓⠜⠵⠀⠠⠍⠳⠝⠞⠁⠔⠎⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠃⠲⠤⠤⠰⠠⠠⠛⠗⠳⠏⠀⠠⠠⠷⠀
⠠⠠⠏⠽⠗⠢⠕⠍⠽⠉⠑⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠁⠀⠠⠠⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠠⠠⠷⠀⠠⠠⠋⠥⠝⠛⠊
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠋⠗⠑⠟⠥⠢⠞⠀⠠⠠⠔⠀⠠⠠⠮⠀
⠠⠠⠺⠁⠞⠻⠎⠀⠠⠠⠷⠀⠠⠠⠍⠔⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠲⠀⠠⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀
⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠠⠺⠁⠇⠙⠢⠃⠥⠗⠛⠆⠀⠃⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀⠮⠀⠃⠗⠪⠝⠤⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀
⠏⠊⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠝⠑⠜⠀⠠⠺⠑⠌⠻⠑⠛⠑⠇⠝⠆⠀⠉⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠙⠕⠗⠕⠮⠁⠀
⠏⠊⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠅⠇⠁⠥⠌⠓⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀
⠼⠉⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠲⠀⠠⠗⠓⠊⠵⠕⠍⠕⠗⠏⠓⠁⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜⠊⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠠⠓⠷⠋⠍⠁⠝⠝⠂⠀⠃⠲⠀⠠⠉⠇⠥⠃⠀⠋⠥⠝⠛⠥⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠠⠉⠇⠁⠧⠜⠊⠁⠀
⠙⠑⠋⠇⠑⠭⠁⠶⠀⠷⠀⠠⠓⠷⠋⠍⠁⠝⠝⠂⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠍⠔⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.