Library / Philosophy / The Categories / Braille
The Categories ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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82,642 braille cells · 88 embossed pages at 40×25
⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠧⠁⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀ ⠕⠝⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠄⠍⠁⠝⠄⠂⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀ ⠃⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀ ⠍⠁⠝⠲⠀⠠⠕⠝⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀ ⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀ ⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑ ⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠊⠋⠥⠇⠀ ⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠊⠋⠥⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠊⠋⠥⠇⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀ ⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠕⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠊⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝ ⠀⠁⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠧⠁⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞ ⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠂⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠃⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠗⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀ ⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠕⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠁⠗⠍⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀ ⠺⠁⠗⠍⠑⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠁⠗⠍⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀ ⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀ ⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠒⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠝⠕⠞⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠇⠽⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠓⠑ ⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠽⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠲⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀ ⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠍⠁⠗⠅⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.