Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Teaching / Practical Grammar and Composition / Braille

Practical Grammar and Composition ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

401,066 braille cells · 419 embossed pages at 40×25 · 936 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⠗⠑⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠠⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠗⠑⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠠⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠁⠗⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠠⠠⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠠⠠⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠠⠠⠕⠝
⠀⠠⠠⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠁⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠧⠊⠊⠲⠤⠤⠠⠠⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠊⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠃⠁⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠠⠇⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠎⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠠⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠠⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠑⠍⠏⠓⠁⠎⠊⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠑⠥⠏⠓⠕⠝⠽⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠧⠊⠊⠊⠲⠤⠤⠠⠠⠉⠁⠏⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠠⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠠⠏⠥⠝⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠗⠥⠇⠑⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗
⠀⠠⠉⠁⠏⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠗⠥⠇⠑⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠠⠏⠥⠝⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠭⠲⠤⠤⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠠⠏⠁⠗⠁⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠇⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠏⠁⠗⠁⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠑⠑⠉⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠁⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠑⠎⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠠⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠁⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠀
⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠕⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠑⠍⠏⠓⠁⠎⠊⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠲⠤⠤⠠⠠⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠤⠠⠠⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠁⠙⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠎⠁⠇⠥⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠎⠉⠑⠇⠇⠁⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠁⠙⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀
⠠⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠝⠀⠠⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠝⠕⠞⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.