Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Art / Scientific American, Volume XXXVI., No. 8, February 24, 1877 / Braille

Scientific American, Volume XXXVI., No. 8, February 24, 1877 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

270,115 braille cells · 283 embossed pages at 40×25 · 557 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠂⠀⠗⠥⠙⠙⠑⠗⠂⠀⠑⠞⠉⠲⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠺⠓⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠓⠕⠞⠲⠀⠠⠛⠥⠝⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠑⠇⠇⠊⠏⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠞⠥⠗⠗⠑⠞⠂
⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠑⠎⠎⠑⠇⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠋⠊⠛⠓⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠗⠊⠍⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀
⠁⠗⠍⠕⠗⠂⠀⠠⠍⠲⠀⠠⠞⠕⠍⠍⠁⠎⠊⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠓⠽⠙⠗⠕⠤⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠇⠊⠉⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠗⠍⠕⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠙⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠎⠁⠽⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠗⠛⠑⠙⠀⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠎⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇
⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠗⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠊⠝⠤⠠⠠⠎⠕⠇⠑⠎⠀⠎⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠁⠇⠊⠉⠽⠇⠊⠉⠀
⠁⠉⠊⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠍⠑⠙⠽⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠏⠊⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠎⠥⠏⠗⠑⠍⠑⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠥⠗⠞⠀⠠⠠⠏⠁⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠠⠠⠙⠑⠉⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠏⠁⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠛⠗⠁⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠠⠍⠁⠽⠀⠼⠃⠉⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠚⠕⠓⠝⠀⠠⠍⠽⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.