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Library / Biology / Scientific American, Volume 40, No. 13, March 29, 1879 / Braille

Scientific American, Volume 40, No. 13, March 29, 1879 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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260,439 braille cells · 271 embossed pages at 40×25 · 612 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠏⠑⠗⠎⠥⠁⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠕⠋⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠀⠠⠇⠁⠺⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠤⠍⠊⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠧⠑⠞⠑⠗⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠎⠥⠗⠛⠑⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠎⠁⠋⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠁⠍⠏⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇
⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠞⠗⠊⠋⠇⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠇⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇
⠀⠉⠁⠇⠁⠍⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀
⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠎⠏⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠠⠠⠋⠕⠗
⠀⠠⠠⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠗⠽⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠠⠏⠁⠞⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀
⠞⠕⠕⠀⠇⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠽⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠋⠥⠇⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠉⠕⠇⠥⠍⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠍⠁⠙⠗⠊⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉
⠀⠠⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠑⠗⠞⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠊⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠁⠛⠗⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠑⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠁⠇
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠁⠞⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠉⠥⠇⠇⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀
⠁⠎⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠎⠒⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠇⠊⠧⠑⠙⠂⠀⠎⠁⠽⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠊⠋⠥⠇⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠕⠕⠙⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠑⠊⠛⠝⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠓⠁⠃⠊⠞⠁⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠏⠁⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠗⠕⠍⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠝⠛⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠝

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.