Library / Biology / Scientific American, Volume 40, No. 13, March 29, 1879 / Braille
Scientific American, Volume 40, No. 13, March 29, 1879 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
260,439 braille cells · 271 embossed pages at 40×25 · 612 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠉⠊⠞⠊⠵⠑⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀ ⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠏⠇⠑⠥⠗⠕⠤⠠⠠⠏⠝⠑⠥⠍⠕⠝⠊⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠛⠥⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕ ⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠝⠭⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠝⠀ ⠠⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠛⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠋⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀ ⠁⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠉⠕⠺⠎⠀⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠇⠽⠂⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠊⠵⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽ ⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠑⠭⠥⠙⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠗⠑⠎⠏⠊⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀ ⠇⠕⠺⠀⠞⠽⠏⠓⠥⠎⠀⠊⠝⠋⠇⠁⠍⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠥⠝⠛⠎⠂⠀ ⠏⠇⠥⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠗⠕⠝⠉⠓⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠁⠊⠇⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝ ⠀⠠⠑⠥⠗⠕⠏⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠤⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠎⠉⠕⠥⠗⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠊⠝⠉⠁⠇⠉⠥⠇⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕ ⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠊⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀ ⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠗⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀ ⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠞⠺⠑⠝⠞⠽⠤⠋⠊⠧⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠇⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠙⠑⠁⠞⠓⠎⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀ ⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠙⠑⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠙⠊⠎⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠁⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠇⠊⠁⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠀⠉⠕⠺⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠉⠁⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠙⠑⠏⠕⠏⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠲⠀ ⠠⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠉⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠋⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠙⠥⠞⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠺⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠃⠗⠕⠕⠅⠇⠽⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀ ⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠛⠑⠗⠑⠙⠂⠀⠎⠇⠕⠺⠇⠽⠀⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠎⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.