Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 1178, June 25, 1898 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 1178, June 25, 1898 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

206,023 braille cells · 218 embossed pages at 40×25 · 342 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠧⠊⠃⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠧⠕⠅⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠉⠓⠁⠊⠝⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠏⠥⠇⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠗⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠗⠧⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠁⠧⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠑⠝⠎⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠥⠇⠎⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠎⠍⠕⠕⠞⠓⠀⠏⠁⠞⠓⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠁⠊⠝⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀⠛⠗⠕⠺⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠭⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀
⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠽⠝⠁⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠥⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠗⠑⠏⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠽⠝⠁⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠍⠁⠝⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠁
⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠽⠂⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠊⠋⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠎⠑⠂⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀
⠋⠊⠭⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠥⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠗⠑⠏⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠂
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠽⠝⠁⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠗⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠽⠀⠋⠁⠙⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠎⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠊⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠏⠕⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠑⠝⠎⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠥⠎⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠽⠝⠁⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠇⠁⠊⠙⠀⠙⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.