Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, Vol. XV., No. 388, June 9, 1883 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, Vol. XV., No. 388, June 9, 1883 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

210,230 braille cells · 221 embossed pages at 40×25 · 368 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠹⠕⠍⠎⠕⠝⠀⠎⠏⠓⠻⠊⠉⠁⠇⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠉⠉⠳⠝⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠝⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀
⠎⠏⠓⠻⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠿⠍⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠎⠀
⠗⠁⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠑⠎⠎⠢⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠂⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠎⠂⠀
⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠺⠔⠙⠬⠀⠮⠗⠑⠷⠂⠀⠯⠀⠔⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠞⠁⠞⠕⠗⠆⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠔⠀⠏⠗⠔⠉⠊⠏⠇⠑⠀⠯⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠯⠂⠀⠃⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠎⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠫⠀⠾⠀
⠁⠝⠀⠁⠥⠞⠕⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀⠗⠑⠛⠥⠇⠁⠞⠕⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠡⠍⠢⠞⠀⠝⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠞⠕⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠁⠝⠝⠑⠭⠫⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠷
⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠀⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠺⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠜⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠯⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠏⠜⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠧⠬⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠮
⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠢⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠝⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁
⠀⠓⠕⠇⠇⠪⠀⠩⠑⠇⠇⠀⠷⠀⠎⠷⠞⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠎⠑⠉⠥⠗⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠉⠢⠞⠗⠁⠇⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠩⠁⠋⠞⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠜⠬⠎⠂⠀
⠯⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠳⠝⠙⠀⠑⠭⠞⠻⠝⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠏⠏⠻⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠬⠀
⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠌⠊⠞⠥⠞⠬⠀⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠉⠕⠊⠇⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠓⠑⠇⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀
⠎⠥⠗⠗⠳⠝⠙⠬⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠕⠊⠇⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀
⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠏⠻⠍⠁⠝⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠚⠕⠔⠫⠂⠀⠯⠀⠔⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠁⠉⠞⠀⠵
⠀⠁⠀⠎⠬⠇⠑⠀⠹⠗⠑⠑⠤⠃⠗⠁⠝⠡⠫⠀⠺⠊⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀
⠃⠑⠬⠀⠺⠳⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠑⠭⠞⠻⠊⠕⠗⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠏⠪⠻⠋⠥⠇⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠏⠕⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠮⠀
⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠌⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠺
⠀⠹⠥⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠑⠢⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠹⠕⠗⠳⠛⠓⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠉⠁⠎⠫⠀⠯⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.