Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 841, February 13, 1892 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 841, February 13, 1892 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

270,574 braille cells · 286 embossed pages at 40×25 · 489 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠇⠙⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠙⠁⠎⠓⠀
⠞⠕⠺⠁⠗⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠕⠕⠗⠀⠃⠁⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠇⠁⠗⠍⠂⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙
⠀⠗⠥⠎⠓⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠕⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠗⠓⠑⠥⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀
⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠀⠓⠊⠍⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠙⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠊⠛⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠉⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠓⠁⠗⠙⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠎⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠏⠇⠁⠽⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠞⠗⠊⠉⠅⠎⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠙⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠆
⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠧⠕⠊⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠙⠕⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠁⠝⠝⠕⠥⠝⠉⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠗⠊⠧⠁⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀
⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠉⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠞⠞⠽⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠎⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠙⠥⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠏⠊⠞⠉⠓⠂⠀
⠁⠃⠗⠥⠏⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠇⠕⠝⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠥⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠥⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.