Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

196,866 braille cells · 207 embossed pages at 40×25 · 583 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠗⠳⠃⠇⠑⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠉⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠀⠿⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠻⠑⠌⠫⠀⠔⠀⠎⠥⠛⠜⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠗⠥⠔⠳⠎⠀⠉⠕⠌⠲⠀
⠠⠐⠎⠀⠡⠑⠍⠊⠌⠎⠀⠁⠙⠧⠕⠉⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠡⠁⠎⠫⠀
⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠓⠁⠧⠬⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠽⠵⠫⠲⠀⠠⠑⠋⠿⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠀
⠁⠀⠥⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠍⠑⠹⠕⠙⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠽⠎⠊⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠐⠗⠀
⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠠⠎⠥⠛⠜⠀
⠠⠡⠑⠍⠊⠌⠎⠀⠓⠀⠁⠙⠕⠏⠞⠫⠀⠁⠀⠎⠻⠊⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠍⠑⠹⠕⠙⠎⠀⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠔⠀⠮⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠫⠀⠵⠀⠌⠯⠜⠙⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠏⠏⠻⠀⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠑⠌⠔⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠢⠙⠻⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞
⠀⠎⠻⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠍⠊⠉⠗⠕⠤⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠎
⠀⠞⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠅⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠑⠞⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀
⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀⠷⠀⠼⠉⠀⠏⠻⠀⠉⠢⠞⠲⠀⠉⠕⠏⠏⠻⠀
⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠁⠞⠑⠀⠯⠀⠼⠉⠀⠏⠻⠀⠉⠢⠞⠲⠀⠇⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀⠙⠊⠎⠎⠕⠇⠧⠫⠀⠔⠀
⠺⠁⠞⠻⠆⠀⠋⠊⠋⠞⠽⠀⠛⠁⠇⠇⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠢⠞⠀⠿⠀⠐⠕⠀
⠁⠉⠗⠑⠆⠀⠉⠕⠌⠀⠏⠻⠀⠁⠉⠗⠑⠂⠀⠑⠀⠊⠞⠑⠍⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠫⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠼⠑⠋⠀⠉⠢⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠝⠕⠗⠍⠁⠇⠀⠧⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠀
⠃⠑⠬⠀⠗⠑⠌⠕⠗⠫⠂⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠫⠀⠎⠥⠛⠜⠀
⠏⠻⠉⠢⠞⠁⠛⠑⠲⠀⠠⠕⠗⠙⠔⠜⠽⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠁⠍⠍⠕⠝⠊⠁⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠅⠊⠇⠇⠀⠱⠊⠞⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠯⠀
⠊⠝⠎⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠞⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠅⠀⠃⠑⠑⠞⠎⠆⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠟⠥⠜⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠙⠊⠇⠥⠞⠫⠀⠡⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠏⠻⠀⠎⠟⠥⠜⠑⠀⠽⠜⠙⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮
⠀⠉⠕⠌⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠁⠃⠀⠏⠻⠀⠁⠉⠗⠑⠀⠶⠦⠶⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠛⠻⠍⠁⠝⠽⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠇⠉⠊⠉⠀⠎⠁⠇⠞⠀⠑⠇⠊⠍⠔⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠋⠀⠃⠑⠑⠞⠀⠚⠥⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠀⠝⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠎⠁⠞⠊⠎⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠎⠕⠇⠧⠫⠲⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.