Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement No. 819 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement No. 819 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
225,414 braille cells · 240 embossed pages at 40×25 · 405 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠀⠉⠗⠁⠋⠞⠂⠀⠁⠇⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗⠎⠍⠊⠞⠓⠎⠂⠀⠉⠕⠏⠏⠑⠗⠎⠍⠊⠞⠓⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠃⠗⠁⠵⠊⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠙⠙⠀⠁⠀ ⠋⠑⠺⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠉⠥⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠇⠊⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠃⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠏⠑⠗⠍⠊⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠝⠙⠲⠀⠠⠙⠗⠥⠍⠎ ⠀⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠅⠑⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀ ⠙⠗⠥⠍⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀ ⠓⠁⠗⠙⠇⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎ ⠀⠍⠥⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠍⠥⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠗⠓⠽⠞⠓⠍⠊⠉⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠅⠑⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠙⠗⠥⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠇⠙⠗⠕⠝⠂⠀⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠃⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠉⠕⠏⠏⠑⠗⠂⠀⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀ ⠧⠑⠇⠇⠥⠍⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠀⠃⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠗⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠋⠊⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀ ⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠏⠏⠑⠗⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠲⠀ ⠠⠎⠉⠗⠑⠺⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠥⠝⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠧⠑⠇⠇⠥⠍⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠧⠊⠃⠗⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑ ⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠎⠇⠁⠉⠅⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠉⠁⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠞⠕⠝⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠕⠍⠊⠝⠁⠝⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠆⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠕⠉⠞⠁⠧⠑⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.