Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement No. 822 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement No. 822 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

217,164 braille cells · 229 embossed pages at 40×25 · 651 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠕⠝⠤⠍⠫⠊⠉⠁⠞⠫⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠓⠻⠑⠞⠷⠕⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠌⠊⠞⠥⠞⠫⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠗⠔⠉⠊⠏⠁⠇⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀⠿⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠕⠅⠬⠀⠮⠀⠁⠊⠙⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠁⠊⠗⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠠⠏⠁⠥⠇⠀⠠⠃⠻⠞⠀⠾⠀⠝⠊⠞⠗⠳⠎⠀⠕⠭⠊⠙⠑⠀⠯⠀
⠕⠭⠽⠛⠢⠀⠛⠁⠎⠂⠀⠏⠻⠿⠍⠫⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠋⠳⠗⠞⠑⠢⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎⠀⠁⠛⠕⠂⠀⠯⠀
⠮⠀⠍⠀⠗⠑⠉⠢⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠁⠇⠎⠀⠷⠀⠠⠎⠑⠑⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠊⠇⠇⠥⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠔⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀
⠠⠊⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠔⠀⠎⠑⠜⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠟⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠿⠑⠛⠕⠬⠂
⠀⠯⠀⠓⠀⠗⠑⠋⠻⠢⠉⠑⠀⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠫⠽⠂⠀⠃⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠓⠁⠝⠉⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀
⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠑⠭⠓⠊⠃⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠇⠑⠞⠀⠍⠑⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠊⠉⠊⠞⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠌⠁⠞⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠂⠀⠔⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠙⠊⠌⠔⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠽⠀⠏⠗⠫⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠎⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠑⠝⠙⠑⠁⠧⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠩⠪⠀⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠋⠜⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠥⠎⠑⠋⠥⠇
⠀⠎⠻⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠙⠻⠊⠧⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠁⠊⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙
⠀⠔⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠝⠓⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠯⠀⠏⠻⠏⠑⠞⠥⠁⠞⠑⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠕⠇⠥⠃⠇⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠫⠊⠑⠎⠀⠶⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀
⠓⠽⠏⠕⠙⠻⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠍⠳⠹⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠮⠗⠺⠊⠎⠑⠶⠀⠘⠥⠀
⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠝⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠍⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠘⠥⠀⠮⠀
⠉⠻⠑⠃⠗⠕⠤⠎⠏⠔⠁⠇⠀⠁⠭⠊⠎⠲⠀⠠⠐⠎⠀⠡⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠋⠋⠔⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠍⠫⠽⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠫⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠞⠕⠏⠇⠁⠎⠍⠀⠷⠀
⠮⠀⠝⠻⠧⠑⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠷⠀⠉⠳⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠊⠌⠆
⠀⠯⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠓⠁⠝⠉⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠁⠋⠋⠔⠊⠞⠽⠤⠤⠹⠊⠎⠀⠃⠕⠝⠙⠀⠷⠀⠥⠝⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠮⠀
⠍⠫⠊⠉⠔⠁⠇⠀⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠝⠻⠧⠳⠎⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠤⠤⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.