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Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement No. 822 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement No. 822 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

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217,164 braille cells · 229 embossed pages at 40×25 · 651 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠞⠻⠑⠌⠬⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠝⠪⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠩⠕⠗⠞⠀
⠁⠉⠉⠳⠝⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎⠀⠯⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀
⠑⠗⠑⠉⠞⠫⠀⠝⠑⠜⠀⠠⠺⠕⠇⠧⠻⠓⠁⠍⠏⠞⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠻⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠎⠽⠌⠑⠍⠀⠷⠀
⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠬⠀⠏⠓⠕⠎⠏⠓⠕⠗⠥⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠛⠗⠳⠝⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠎⠊⠞⠥⠁⠞⠫⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠃⠁⠝⠅⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠯⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠙⠎⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠼⠁⠚⠀⠁⠉⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠱⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀
⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠬⠎⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠘⠹⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠑⠗⠑⠉⠞⠫⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠘⠮⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠌⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠘⠮⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠌⠀⠷⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠻⠀⠯⠀⠑⠝⠛⠔⠑⠀⠓⠳⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠇⠜⠛⠑⠀
⠋⠥⠗⠝⠁⠉⠑⠀⠩⠫⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠠⠃⠁⠃⠉⠕⠉⠅⠀⠀
⠠⠺⠊⠇⠉⠕⠭⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠀⠓⠕⠗⠎⠑⠀⠏⠪⠻⠀
⠑⠁⠡⠂⠀⠯⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠑⠧⠁⠏⠕⠗⠁⠞⠬⠀⠼⠑⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀
⠇⠃⠲⠀⠷⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠼⠁⠓
⠀⠋⠞⠲⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠀⠼⠙⠀⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠻⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀⠯⠀
⠺⠁⠞⠻⠀⠙⠗⠥⠍⠎⠀⠼⠙⠉⠀⠔⠲⠀⠔⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠻⠀⠯⠀⠼⠃⠉⠀⠋⠞⠲⠀
⠇⠕⠝⠛⠂⠀⠷⠀⠌⠑⠑⠇⠀⠼⠛⠸⠌⠁⠋⠀⠹⠎⠲⠀⠔⠲⠀⠹⠊⠉⠅⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠫
⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀⠙⠳⠃⠇⠑⠀⠙⠑⠁⠙⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠀⠎⠁⠋⠑⠞⠽⠀⠧⠁⠇⠧⠑⠂⠀⠌⠕⠏⠀
⠧⠁⠇⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠇⠪⠤⠷⠋⠀⠉⠕⠉⠅⠂⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠀⠛⠁⠥⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍
⠀⠛⠁⠥⠛⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠓⠑⠁⠞⠬⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀
⠃⠕⠊⠇⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠁⠂⠋⠁⠊⠀⠎⠟⠥⠜⠑⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀⠎⠟⠥⠜⠑⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠃⠕⠊⠇⠻⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠀⠇⠃⠲⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠮⠀⠑⠝⠛⠔⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠊⠏⠇⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠳⠝⠙⠀⠐⠕⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑
⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠿⠀⠞⠕⠗⠏⠫⠕⠀⠃⠕⠁⠞⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀

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