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Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement No. 822 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement No. 822 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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260,855 braille cells · 276 embossed pages at 40×25 · 651 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠕⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠆⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠇⠊⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠀⠍⠁⠭⠊⠍⠥⠍⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠊⠚⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠼⠁⠲⠙⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠭⠊⠍⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠊⠙⠺⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠺⠕⠲⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠽⠇⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲
⠀⠼⠛⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠠⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠑⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠤⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠙⠎⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠊⠁⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀
⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠑⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠋⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠛⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠓⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠼⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠼⠑⠀⠶⠕⠗⠀⠼⠛⠶⠂⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠎⠂⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠓⠑⠁⠧⠽⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠂⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠲⠀
⠠⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠋⠀⠶⠕⠗⠀⠼⠓⠶⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠑⠀⠶⠕⠗⠀

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