Library / Biology / Forty Centuries of Ink / Braille
Forty Centuries of Ink ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
511,905 braille cells · 538 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,898 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠑⠝⠙⠑⠁⠧⠳⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠻⠏⠑⠞⠥⠁⠞⠑⠀⠘⠮⠀⠊⠝⠑⠌⠊⠍⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎⠂⠀⠀⠮⠽⠀⠶⠀⠃⠥⠗⠊⠫⠀⠔⠀⠕⠃⠇⠊⠧⠊⠕⠝⠀⠿⠀⠸⠍⠀ ⠉⠢⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠔⠉⠑⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠌⠕⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠇⠑⠜⠝⠬⠀⠁⠝ ⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠢⠞⠀⠠⠠⠍⠎⠎⠲⠀⠀⠴⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠫⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠝⠁⠌⠻⠽⠀⠔ ⠀⠠⠺⠑⠌⠏⠓⠁⠇⠊⠁⠂⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠫⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠁⠃⠇⠑ ⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠦⠀⠁⠝⠝⠁⠇⠎⠆⠀⠀⠃⠀⠔⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠥⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠀ ⠍⠁⠝⠥⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠂⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠀⠋⠊⠋⠹⠂⠀⠎⠑⠧⠢⠹⠂⠀⠝⠔⠹⠀⠯⠀ ⠞⠢⠹⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠉⠊⠢⠞⠂⠀⠀⠵⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀ ⠑⠇⠑⠧⠢⠹⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠀⠎⠊⠭⠞⠑⠢⠹⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀ ⠠⠠⠍⠎⠎⠲⠀⠴⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠥⠗⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠀⠗⠑⠌⠕⠗⠻⠀⠷⠀ ⠇⠑⠜⠝⠬⠀⠠⠏⠕⠏⠑⠀⠠⠇⠑⠕⠀⠠⠭⠲⠂⠀⠐⠥⠀⠘⠱⠀⠏⠁⠞⠗⠕⠝⠁⠛⠑⠀⠀⠭ ⠀⠴⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠑⠁⠑⠆⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠺⠜⠙⠎⠀⠀ ⠙⠑⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠫⠀⠭⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠧⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠇⠊⠃⠗⠜⠽⠂⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠭⠀⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠻⠧⠫⠲⠀⠠⠹⠥⠎⠀⠏⠕⠌⠻⠊⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠃⠞⠫⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠢⠞⠀ ⠠⠏⠕⠝⠞⠊⠋⠋⠂⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎ ⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠊⠍⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠳⠝⠞⠎ ⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠔⠀⠸⠮⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠀⠷⠀⠟⠥⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠫⠀⠊⠝⠅⠤⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠢⠀⠋⠗⠁⠛⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀ ⠷⠀⠁⠝⠞⠊⠟⠥⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠯⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠛⠢⠥⠔⠢⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠁⠥⠮⠝⠞⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠗⠑⠌⠎⠀⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠀⠕⠗⠀⠋⠁⠇⠎⠊⠞⠽ ⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠢⠞⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠇⠊⠞⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠀⠎⠻⠧⠑ ⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠁⠔⠞⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠔⠎⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠀⠷⠀ ⠎⠥⠎⠏⠊⠉⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠲⠀⠠⠱⠢⠂⠀⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀ ⠷⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠌⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠞⠻⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠮⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.