Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 455, September 20, 1884 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement, No. 455, September 20, 1884 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
247,917 braille cells · 261 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,015 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠙⠑⠙⠥⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠍⠕⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠉⠅⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠗⠕⠙⠂⠀⠋⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠋⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠁⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠑⠝⠎⠑⠙⠀ ⠺⠊⠞⠓⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠀⠃⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠎⠉⠗⠑⠺⠂⠀⠓⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠕⠀⠗⠑⠛⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠋⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠋⠀⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀ ⠙⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀ ⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠙⠲⠤⠤⠰⠠⠠⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀ ⠠⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠠⠠⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠠⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠤⠤⠠⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀⠶⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠀⠼⠙⠶⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠗⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠉⠥⠏⠂⠀⠠⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠁⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠠⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠉⠥⠏⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠁⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠕⠺⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀ ⠎⠉⠗⠑⠺⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠁⠉⠓⠀ ⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀ ⠞⠕⠥⠉⠓⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠠⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠍⠕⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠎⠓⠕⠉⠅⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠎⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠍⠑⠗⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠁ ⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠕⠂ ⠀⠠⠑⠂⠀⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠙⠥⠇⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠇⠕⠉⠅⠀⠁⠎
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.