Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Earth / Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

215,924 braille cells · 227 embossed pages at 40×25 · 372 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠝⠁⠧⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠧⠁⠇⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠀
⠓⠁⠧⠑⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠑⠝⠛⠁⠛⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠙⠑⠝⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠕⠁⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠎⠕⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠁⠙⠕⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠤⠤⠠⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠠⠠⠎⠞⠑⠁⠍⠀⠠⠠⠞⠗⠁⠏⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠁⠝⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠗⠁⠏⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠓⠽⠙⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠎⠲⠀⠠⠋⠁⠗⠗⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠠⠁⠎⠓⠞⠕⠝⠤⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠤⠠⠇⠽⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠁⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠉⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠂⠀
⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠃⠂⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠏⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠁⠀⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠎⠊⠇⠞⠂⠀⠎⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠕⠗
⠀⠎⠑⠙⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗
⠀⠀⠞⠗⠁⠏⠎⠂⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠇⠧⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠋⠋⠇⠥⠭⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠎⠉⠁⠏⠑⠀⠀
⠧⠁⠇⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠏⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠀⠕⠗⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠁⠝⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠊⠏⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.