Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

242,304 braille cells · 256 embossed pages at 40×25 · 507 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠧⠕⠇⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠕⠀
⠓⠊⠍⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠺⠗⠕⠝⠛⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠀
⠓⠁⠏⠏⠑⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠑⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠋⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠛⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠁⠧⠑⠗⠁⠛⠑⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠁⠛⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠞⠗⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠇⠂⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠙⠥⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠑⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠙⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠊⠉⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠉⠇⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠗⠑⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠀⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠧⠊⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠛⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠑⠇⠁⠎⠞⠊⠉⠂⠀⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠑⠝⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠥⠝⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠥⠝⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠂⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠊⠋⠀⠑⠍⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠕⠀⠎⠕⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠝⠛⠑⠗⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠊⠝⠉⠊⠏⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.