Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 586, March 26, 1887 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 586, March 26, 1887 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

232,452 braille cells · 246 embossed pages at 40×25 · 449 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠛⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠏⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠝⠉⠊⠏⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠕⠉⠕⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠠⠃⠕⠎⠞⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠇⠕⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠠⠗⠁⠊⠇⠗⠕⠁⠙⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠉⠕⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠗⠛⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠑⠗⠞⠀
⠠⠎⠞⠑⠏⠓⠑⠝⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠉⠁⠎⠞⠇⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠀⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠇⠕⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠗⠕⠁⠙⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗
⠀⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠗⠁⠊⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠠⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠀⠠⠺⠓⠊⠎⠞⠇⠑⠗⠀⠛⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠛⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠥⠞⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀
⠧⠁⠇⠥⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠙⠑⠝⠊⠁⠇⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠀⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠽
⠀⠝⠕⠧⠑⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀
⠍⠑⠗⠊⠞⠕⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.