Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / A History of Aeronautics / Braille

A History of Aeronautics ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

810,265 braille cells · 860 embossed pages at 40×25 · 93 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠋⠁⠎⠞⠑⠝⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠀
⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠏⠁⠗⠉⠓⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠋⠑⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠁⠞⠛⠥⠞⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠓⠁⠇⠑⠃⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠉⠓⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀
⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠗⠞⠽
⠀⠺⠓⠑⠑⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠃⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀
⠛⠇⠕⠃⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠁⠇⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠺⠊⠝⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠕⠊⠎⠑⠆⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠊⠭⠀⠃⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀⠧⠁⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠋⠥⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠟⠥⠊⠉⠅⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠗⠥⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠏⠥⠇⠇⠑⠽⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠅⠑⠏⠞
⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠇⠊⠃⠗⠊⠥⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠃⠁⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠗⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀⠺⠓⠑⠑⠇⠀
⠁⠙⠑⠟⠥⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠎⠥⠗⠏⠗⠊⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠕⠙⠑⠎⠞⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠅⠑⠏⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠛⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠺⠁⠗⠙⠀
⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠝⠙⠎⠂⠀⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠋⠇⠽⠀⠎⠕⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠉⠁⠇⠍⠀⠺⠑⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠍⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠊⠛⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠛⠥⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠞⠁⠊⠇⠀⠎⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀
⠏⠁⠇⠍⠊⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠓⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.