Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
267,686 braille cells · 283 embossed pages at 40×25 · 798 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠺⠕⠕⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀ ⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠚⠥⠙⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀ ⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠥⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠥⠍⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠀⠋⠁⠝⠉⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀ ⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠕⠋⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀ ⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝ ⠀⠁⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠆⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝ ⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠕⠋⠞⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀ ⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠕⠂⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀ ⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀ ⠎⠕⠁⠏⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠗⠙⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠁⠀ ⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠓⠁⠗⠙⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑ ⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠗⠅⠑⠞⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠎⠕⠁⠏⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠥⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠤⠤⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠇⠽⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀ ⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠎⠕⠀⠉⠓⠑⠁⠏⠲⠀⠀⠠⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠓⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠁⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠅⠁⠇⠊⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀ ⠉⠕⠍⠃⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀ ⠊⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠆⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠎⠁⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠗⠞⠽⠤⠕⠝⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.