Library / Earth / Yleinen Maatiede / Braille
Yleinen Maatiede ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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162,986 braille cells · 178 embossed pages at 40×25 · 6,597 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠅⠕⠊⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠎⠞⠁⠀⠇⠕⠥⠝⠁⠁⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠑⠇⠊⠀⠞⠕⠊⠎⠊⠝⠀ ⠎⠁⠝⠕⠊⠝⠒⠀⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀⠍⠁⠁⠀⠕⠝⠀⠑⠝⠝⠑⠝⠀⠧⠁⠝⠓⠁⠁⠝⠀⠀ ⠕⠇⠇⠥⠝⠝⠁⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠝⠀⠏⠕⠓⠚⠁⠝⠁⠂⠀⠚⠁⠀⠧⠓⠊⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠀ ⠅⠕⠓⠕⠞⠁⠊⠝⠝⠁⠀⠧⠑⠙⠑⠝⠀⠏⠊⠝⠝⠁⠎⠞⠁⠲⠀⠠⠞⠞⠀⠀⠞⠕⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠁ ⠀⠎⠑⠅⠊⠝⠂⠀⠑⠞⠞⠀⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠧⠊⠑⠇⠀⠝⠽⠞⠅⠊⠝⠀ ⠅⠕⠓⠕⠞⠁⠊⠅⠎⠑⠀⠅⠕⠗⠅⠊⠁⠍⠍⠁⠇⠇⠑⠀⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠝⠀⠏⠊⠝⠞⠁⠁⠲⠀ ⠠⠝⠊⠊⠝⠀⠕⠝⠀⠑⠎⠊⠍⠑⠗⠅⠊⠅⠎⠊⠀⠍⠥⠊⠝⠁⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀⠓⠽⠧⠞⠀ ⠇⠁⠊⠧⠁⠧⠁⠇⠅⠁⠍⠁⠞⠀⠝⠽⠞⠀⠀⠝⠊⠊⠝⠀⠍⠁⠞⠁⠇⠕⠊⠝⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀ ⠑⠞⠞⠑⠊⠀⠝⠊⠊⠓⠊⠝⠀⠑⠝⠝⠀⠏⠎⠑⠅⠝⠲⠀⠠⠍⠊⠎⠎⠀⠧⠁⠝⠓⠁⠞⠀ ⠍⠊⠑⠓⠑⠞⠀⠀⠝⠥⠕⠗⠥⠥⠙⠑⠎⠎⠁⠁⠝⠀⠎⠕⠥⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠧⠑⠝⠑⠊⠇⠇⠂⠀ ⠅⠽⠧⠞⠀⠓⠑⠊⠙⠝⠀⠏⠕⠊⠅⠁⠝⠎⠁⠀⠅⠥⠊⠧⠊⠝⠀⠚⠁⠇⠕⠊⠝⠲⠀⠀ ⠠⠕⠏⠏⠊⠝⠑⠊⠙⠑⠝⠀⠇⠥⠧⠥⠝⠀⠚⠇⠅⠑⠑⠝⠀⠅⠕⠓⠕⠁⠁⠀⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀ ⠗⠁⠝⠞⠁⠀⠠⠞⠕⠗⠝⠊⠕⠎⠞⠁⠀⠠⠺⠁⠁⠎⠁⠁⠝⠀⠁⠎⠞⠊⠀⠼⠙⠀⠀⠀ ⠚⠁⠇⠅⠁⠁⠀⠎⠁⠙⠁⠎⠎⠁⠀⠧⠥⠕⠙⠑⠎⠎⠁⠲⠀⠠⠍⠥⠞⠞⠁⠀⠑⠞⠑⠇⠎⠎⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀⠇⠁⠓⠙⠑⠝⠀⠗⠁⠝⠞⠁⠀⠁⠊⠝⠕⠁⠎⠞⠊⠀⠼⠃⠀⠀⠚⠁⠇⠅⠁⠁ ⠀⠧⠥⠕⠎⠊⠎⠁⠙⠁⠎⠎⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠽⠇⠑⠑⠎⠑⠝⠀⠑⠏⠞⠁⠎⠁⠊⠎⠞⠁⠀⠍⠁⠁⠞⠁⠒⠀⠎⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠽⠝⠝⠀ ⠍⠅⠊⠂⠀⠍⠑⠞⠎⠊⠂⠀⠀⠚⠕⠅⠊⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠚⠗⠧⠊⠂⠀⠚⠕⠞⠅⠁⠀ ⠧⠊⠊⠍⠑⠅⠎⠊⠀⠍⠁⠊⠝⠊⠞⠥⠞⠀⠏⠑⠊⠞⠞⠧⠞⠀⠏⠁⠗⠑⠍⠍⠊⠝⠂⠀⠅⠥⠊⠝ ⠀⠀⠅⠁⠓⠙⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠝⠑⠅⠎⠑⠝⠀⠅⠕⠅⠕⠀⠍⠁⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠑⠎⠞⠁⠲⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠕⠍⠑⠝⠀⠧⠥⠕⠗⠊⠎⠎⠁⠀⠕⠝⠂⠀⠅⠥⠊⠝⠀⠏⠕⠓⠚⠁⠝⠀⠀⠍⠁⠊⠇⠇⠁ ⠀⠽⠇⠑⠑⠎⠑⠝⠂⠀⠓⠁⠗⠍⠁⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠗⠥⠎⠅⠑⠁⠀⠅⠊⠧⠊⠀ ⠧⠁⠇⠞⠁⠁⠧⠁⠲⠀⠠⠍⠥⠞⠞⠁⠀⠓⠁⠗⠍⠁⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠗⠥⠎⠅⠑⠁⠀⠀⠅⠊⠧⠊⠀ ⠑⠊⠀⠕⠇⠑⠅⠁⠁⠝⠀⠽⠓⠞⠀⠁⠊⠝⠕⠁⠞⠁⠀⠅⠊⠧⠊⠤⠇⠁⠚⠊⠁⠂⠀⠧⠁⠁⠝⠀ ⠎⠊⠊⠝⠀⠕⠝⠀⠎⠑⠅⠁⠎⠊⠝⠀⠅⠕⠇⠍⠑⠁⠀⠀⠑⠗⠊⠀⠅⠊⠧⠑⠞⠞⠲⠀⠠⠝⠊⠞
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.