Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Earth / A history of land mammals in the western hemisphere / Braille

A history of land mammals in the western hemisphere ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,271,739 braille cells · 1,350 embossed pages at 40×25 · 7,269 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠎⠑⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠛⠑⠕⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀
⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠞⠗⠁⠉⠑⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠀
⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠎⠊⠍⠥⠇⠞⠁⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠃⠥⠞⠂⠀⠀⠝⠕⠗⠍⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠑⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠀⠊⠞⠀⠑⠝⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠕⠃⠎⠞⠁⠉⠇⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠇⠕⠺⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠊⠑⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀
⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠊⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠑⠭⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠺⠊⠎⠑⠂⠀⠎⠑⠇⠙⠕⠍⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠎⠀
⠎⠊⠍⠥⠇⠞⠁⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀
⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠀⠊⠛⠝⠕⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠁⠗⠃⠊⠞⠗⠁⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠏⠗⠊⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠍⠁⠽⠀⠛⠕⠀⠕⠝⠀⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠑⠭⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠂⠀⠕⠗
⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠞⠗⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.