Library / Biology / A century of science in America / Braille
A century of science in America ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
1,051,419 braille cells · 1,107 embossed pages at 40×25 · 9,205 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠇⠁⠥⠗⠑⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠽⠁⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠗⠑⠚⠕⠊⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞ ⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠁⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠕⠀ ⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀ ⠝⠕⠀⠁⠃⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠧⠊⠛⠕⠗⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠞⠊⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀ ⠺⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝ ⠀⠕⠝⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠥⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠑⠝⠚⠕⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠓⠑⠑⠗⠀⠥⠎ ⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠝⠊⠛⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠉⠑⠲⠴⠀⠀ ⠠⠊⠝⠀⠁⠙⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠙⠁⠝⠁⠂⠀ ⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠧⠊⠞⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀ ⠠⠎⠊⠇⠇⠊⠍⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠛⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀ ⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠀ ⠊⠍⠍⠑⠙⠊⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠟⠥⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀ ⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠀ ⠧⠕⠇⠥⠍⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠠⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠊⠝⠀⠝⠕⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠠⠎⠊⠇⠇⠊⠍⠁⠝⠄⠎⠀ ⠑⠝⠞⠓⠥⠎⠊⠁⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠝⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠁⠇⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠠⠎⠊⠇⠇⠊⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠂⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠕⠝⠑⠇⠀ ⠠⠛⠑⠕⠗⠛⠑⠀⠠⠛⠊⠃⠃⠎⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠍⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀ ⠠⠛⠊⠃⠃⠎⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠊⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.