Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Kritik der reinen Vernunft / Braille

Kritik der reinen Vernunft ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,264,504 braille cells · 1,364 embossed pages at 40×25 · 17,381 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠕⠙⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠃⠊⠛⠂⠀⠎⠕⠝⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠁⠀⠀⠏⠗⠊⠕⠗⠊⠀⠁⠥⠋⠀
⠛⠑⠺⠊⠎⠎⠑⠀⠠⠺⠑⠊⠎⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠍⠞⠀⠎⠑⠊⠑⠝⠂⠀⠺⠑⠊⠇⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠑⠍⠀⠎⠊⠑⠀⠎⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠥⠋⠀⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠝⠀⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠑⠝⠀⠎⠕⠇⠇⠑⠝⠂⠀⠎⠊⠑⠀⠁⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠺⠑⠝⠙⠊⠛⠑⠗⠺⠑⠊⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠠⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠥⠝⠛⠀⠁⠥⠋⠀
⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑⠝⠀⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠊⠝⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠗⠑⠊⠝⠎⠞⠊⠍⠍⠑⠝⠂⠀⠙⠲⠊⠲
⠀⠙⠊⠑⠚⠑⠝⠊⠛⠑⠀⠀⠠⠑⠊⠝⠓⠑⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠃⠑⠝⠀⠍⠎⠎⠑⠝⠂⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠓⠑
⠀⠙⠑⠝⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠀⠧⠕⠝⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠍⠀⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠑⠀⠀
⠁⠥⠎⠍⠁⠉⠓⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎⠞⠀⠁⠃⠑⠗⠀⠅⠇⠁⠗⠂⠀⠙⠁⠂⠀⠙⠁⠀
⠺⠊⠗⠀⠑⠎⠀⠝⠥⠗⠀⠍⠊⠞⠀⠙⠑⠍⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠝⠊⠛⠋⠁⠇⠞⠊⠛⠑⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠎⠑⠗⠑⠗⠀⠀⠠⠧⠕⠗⠎⠞⠑⠇⠇⠥⠝⠛⠑⠝⠀⠵⠥⠀⠞⠥⠝⠀⠓⠁⠃⠑⠝⠂⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠀⠚⠑⠝⠑⠎⠀⠠⠭⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠓⠝⠑⠝⠀⠅⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠊⠑⠗⠞⠀⠀
⠶⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠶⠂⠀⠺⠑⠊⠇⠀⠑⠗⠀⠑⠞⠺⠁⠎⠀⠧⠕⠝⠀
⠁⠇⠇⠑⠝⠀⠥⠝⠎⠑⠗⠝⠀⠠⠧⠕⠗⠎⠞⠑⠇⠇⠥⠝⠛⠑⠝⠀⠀
⠠⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠉⠓⠊⠑⠙⠑⠝⠑⠎⠀⠎⠑⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠇⠇⠂⠀⠋⠗⠀⠥⠝⠎⠀
⠝⠊⠉⠓⠞⠎⠀⠊⠎⠞⠂⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠑⠊⠝⠓⠑⠊⠞⠂⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠺⠑⠝⠙⠊⠛⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠞⠂⠀⠝⠊⠉⠓⠞⠎⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠑⠎⠀⠎⠑⠊⠝⠀⠅⠝⠝⠑⠂⠀⠁⠇⠎⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠝⠕⠗⠍⠁⠇⠑⠀⠀
⠠⠑⠊⠝⠓⠑⠊⠞⠀⠙⠑⠎⠀⠠⠃⠑⠺⠥⠞⠎⠑⠊⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠎⠽⠝⠞⠓⠑⠎⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠎⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠝⠊⠛⠋⠁⠇⠞⠊⠛⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀
⠠⠧⠕⠗⠎⠞⠑⠇⠇⠥⠝⠛⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠎⠙⠁⠝⠝⠀⠎⠁⠛⠑⠝⠀⠺⠊⠗⠒⠀⠺⠊⠗⠀
⠑⠗⠅⠑⠝⠝⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠝⠀⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠺⠑⠝⠝⠀⠀⠺⠊⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠙⠑⠍⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠝⠊⠛⠋⠁⠇⠞⠊⠛⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠁⠝⠎⠉⠓⠁⠥⠥⠝⠛⠀
⠎⠽⠝⠞⠓⠑⠞⠊⠎⠉⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠊⠝⠓⠑⠊⠞⠀⠃⠑⠺⠊⠗⠅⠞⠀⠀⠓⠁⠃⠑⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑⠀⠊⠎⠞⠀⠁⠃⠑⠗⠀⠥⠝⠍⠛⠇⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠺⠑⠝⠝⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.