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Library / Engineering & Technology / The Isthmus of Suez Question / Braille

The Isthmus of Suez Question ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

312,350 braille cells · 325 embossed pages at 40×25 · 482 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠑⠇⠊⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠥⠎⠝⠕⠝⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠁⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠙⠑⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠁⠇⠉⠁⠗⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠁⠎⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠝⠝⠑⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠞⠁⠝⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠗⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠀
⠕⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠁⠎⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠝⠕⠗⠍⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠊⠇⠑⠭⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠑⠙⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀
⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠎⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠁⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠋⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠂⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠝⠉⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠺⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠑⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠁⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠂⠀⠋⠗⠁⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠎⠓⠑⠇⠇⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠥⠊⠎⠓⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠋⠗⠁⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠎⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠁⠇⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗⠀
⠑⠝⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠥⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠉⠁⠇⠉⠁⠗⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠉⠁⠗⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠕⠁⠙⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠁⠝⠉⠁⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠇⠑⠭⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠇⠁⠽⠂
⠀⠁⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠙⠑⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠞⠞⠗⠊⠃⠥⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.