Library / Philosophy / The Purpose of History / Braille
The Purpose of History ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
111,253 braille cells · 118 embossed pages at 40×25 · 159 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠋⠁⠉⠥⠇⠞⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠎⠞⠥⠙⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠠⠉⠁⠗⠕⠇⠊⠝⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀ ⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠋⠥⠇⠀⠧⠊⠎⠊⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠉⠓⠁⠏⠑⠇⠀⠠⠓⠊⠇⠇⠲⠀ ⠠⠋⠲⠀⠠⠚⠲⠀⠠⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠲⠀⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠇⠥⠍⠃⠊⠁⠀⠠⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠽ ⠀⠠⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀ ⠠⠠⠚⠥⠝⠑⠂⠀⠼⠁⠊⠁⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠲⠀ ⠠⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠠⠠⠞⠕⠀⠠⠠⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠏⠇⠥⠗⠁⠇⠊⠎⠍⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠃⠛⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠲⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠠⠉⠕⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠑⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠠⠠⠞⠕⠀⠠⠠⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠍⠁⠞⠥⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠍⠊⠝⠙⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠽⠕⠥⠝⠛⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠁⠗⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠁⠃⠎⠕⠗⠃⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞ ⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠲⠀⠠⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠁⠙⠧⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀ ⠑⠭⠉⠥⠗⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠀ ⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀ ⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠙⠕⠲⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠂ ⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠗⠕⠍⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠊⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀ ⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.