Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Thinking as a Science / Braille

Thinking as a Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

223,433 braille cells · 235 embossed pages at 40×25 · 203 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠛⠑⠞⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠁⠀⠝⠜⠗⠪⠀⠙⠕⠕⠗⠺⠁⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠽⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠎⠥⠡
⠀⠁⠀⠚⠁⠍⠀⠞⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠐⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀⠐⠕⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠫⠎⠲⠀⠠⠱⠢⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠥⠩⠬⠀⠯⠀⠚⠕⠌⠇⠬⠀⠉⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠐⠕⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠐⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠲⠀⠠⠱⠢⠀⠑⠋⠿⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠃⠯⠕⠝⠫⠂⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠀⠐⠕⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠙⠕⠗⠍⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠐⠕⠀⠎⠇⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠳⠎⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠎⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠌⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠕⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠱⠑⠮⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠝⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠁⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠋⠿⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠐⠞⠂⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇⠀⠊⠋⠀⠭⠀⠸⠓⠀⠝⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀
⠍⠁⠙⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠋⠔⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠍⠔⠙⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠝⠑⠧⠻⠀⠓⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠗⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠲
⠀⠠⠮⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠻⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠞⠀⠱⠢⠀⠇⠑⠜⠝⠬⠀
⠐⠎⠀⠎⠅⠊⠇⠇⠫⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠂⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠵⠀⠃⠊⠉⠽⠉⠇⠑⠀⠗⠊⠙⠬⠂⠀
⠎⠅⠁⠞⠬⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠺⠊⠍⠍⠬⠂⠀⠦⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠎⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠫⠀
⠾⠳⠞⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠂⠀⠃⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠧⠁⠇⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠺⠑⠑⠅⠀
⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠝⠹⠂⠀⠱⠢⠀⠞⠗⠽⠬⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠙⠙⠢⠇⠽⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠫⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠙⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠝⠞⠫⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠧⠀
⠌⠜⠞⠲⠀⠠⠎⠥⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠝⠕⠀⠐⠕⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠢⠙⠀⠞⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠏⠏⠢⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠊⠳⠎⠀⠑⠋⠿⠞⠖⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀
⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠐⠟⠀⠠⠎⠏⠢⠉⠻⠄⠎⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠀⠞⠀⠦⠾⠀⠮⠀⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠷⠀⠌⠗⠁⠔⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝
⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁⠎⠎⠻⠞⠬⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠲⠴⠀⠠⠮⠀⠃⠗⠁⠔⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠓⠊⠙⠙⠢⠀⠍⠑⠡⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠀⠃⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠭⠀⠉⠀⠎⠑⠏⠜⠁⠞⠑
⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠋⠁⠇⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.