Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Thinking as a Science / Braille

Thinking as a Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

223,433 braille cells · 235 embossed pages at 40×25 · 203 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠕⠀⠓⠜⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠥⠏⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠍⠊⠎⠉⠑⠇⠇⠁⠝⠑⠳⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠎⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠔⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠫⠲⠀⠀⠠⠓⠪⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠾⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠎⠀⠾⠀
⠱⠕⠍⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠁⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠁⠍⠢⠞⠁⠇⠇⠽⠦⠀⠠⠓⠻⠃⠻⠞⠀
⠠⠎⠏⠢⠉⠻⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠊⠉⠑⠀⠌⠜⠞⠫⠀⠠⠅⠁⠝⠞⠄⠎⠀
⠠⠉⠗⠊⠞⠊⠟⠥⠑⠀⠷⠀⠠⠏⠥⠗⠑⠀⠠⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀⠃⠀⠙⠊⠎⠁⠛⠗⠑⠑⠬⠀
⠋⠥⠝⠙⠁⠍⠢⠞⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠯⠀⠍⠁⠔⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠓⠑⠀⠉⠑⠁⠎⠫⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠬⠲⠀⠠⠝⠪⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠉⠗⠫⠊⠞⠀⠿⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠌⠢⠉⠽⠲⠀⠠⠿⠀
⠑⠧⠢⠀⠊⠋⠀⠑⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠞⠎⠀⠿⠹⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠕⠌⠢⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠗⠕⠇⠇⠜⠽⠀⠋⠀⠦⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠬⠀⠐⠕⠂⠀⠐⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠮⠍⠀⠺⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠌⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠺⠗⠕⠝⠛⠲⠀⠠⠁⠙⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠐⠗⠀⠕⠝⠀⠦⠀
⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠁⠇⠇⠲⠀⠠⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀
⠃⠕⠕⠅⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠗⠁⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠋⠀
⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠔⠀⠞⠑⠭⠞⠂⠀⠿⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠛⠑⠞⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠃⠢⠑⠋⠊⠞⠀⠋⠀⠭⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠮⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠕⠃⠎⠉⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠎⠁⠋⠑⠇⠽⠀⠇⠁⠽
⠀⠭⠀⠁⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠁⠇⠞⠕⠛⠑⠮⠗⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠊⠋⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠀⠋⠁⠍⠳⠎
⠀⠯⠀⠎⠀⠃⠑⠏⠗⠁⠊⠎⠫⠀⠁⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠻⠀⠵⠀⠠⠅⠁⠝⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠌⠀⠛⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀
⠧⠕⠇⠥⠍⠑⠀⠿⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠓⠪⠀⠸⠍⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠁⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠦⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠏⠜⠞⠇⠽⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.