Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Thinking as a Science / Braille

Thinking as a Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

223,433 braille cells · 235 embossed pages at 40×25 · 203 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠞⠀⠺⠔⠎⠦⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠌⠁⠞⠑⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠃⠇⠥⠝⠞⠇⠽⠲⠀
⠠⠃⠀⠊⠋⠀⠠⠊⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠮⠀⠓⠕⠝⠕⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠧⠻⠎⠊⠑⠎⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠝⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠀⠞⠀⠸⠮⠀⠉⠗⠊⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠏⠪⠻⠎⠀⠸⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠊⠍⠢⠞⠫⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠞⠢⠙⠢⠉⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠁⠃⠎⠕⠗⠃⠀⠮⠀⠕⠏⠔⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠊⠋⠑⠌⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠚⠀⠵⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠔⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠬⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠀⠓⠑⠇⠙
⠀⠙⠑⠃⠁⠞⠬⠀⠥⠏⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠍⠻⠑⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠭⠀
⠃⠗⠬⠎⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠍⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛⠇⠽⠂⠀⠍⠀⠌⠗⠊⠅⠬⠇⠽⠂⠀⠮⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎
⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠞⠢⠙⠢⠉⠽⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠓⠪⠀⠉⠀⠭⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠊⠌⠫⠦⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠞⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠁⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠹⠕⠗⠳⠛⠓⠇⠽⠂⠀
⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠀⠁⠀⠌⠕⠉⠅⠀⠷⠀⠉⠇⠑⠜⠀⠯⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠊⠙⠑⠁⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠭⠂⠀⠉⠗⠊⠞⠊⠉⠊⠎⠍⠀⠔⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠬⠀⠺⠀⠇⠜⠛⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠉⠜⠑⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠙⠔⠞⠀⠷⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀
⠹⠔⠅⠬⠀⠺⠑⠀⠺⠀⠐⠅⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠑⠧⠁⠝⠞⠀⠯⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠆
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠀⠯⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠧⠜⠊⠳⠎⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠷⠋⠻⠫⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠡⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠝⠀⠓⠀⠛⠊⠧⠢⠀
⠍⠥⠡⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠊⠳⠎⠀⠹⠔⠅⠬⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀
⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠝⠀⠓⠀⠛⠕⠝⠑⠀⠵⠀⠋⠜⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠂
⠀⠱⠕⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠧⠁⠊⠇⠫⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠷⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠎⠲
⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠥⠏⠀⠺⠀⠝⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠓⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠗⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠂⠀⠯⠀⠓⠢⠉⠑⠀
⠺⠀⠝⠀⠓⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠫⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀
⠕⠥⠗⠀⠹⠔⠅⠬⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠀⠓⠑⠇⠏⠫⠀⠥⠂⠀⠯⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠭⠀⠓⠁⠎⠂
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠇⠕⠕⠅⠀⠉⠗⠊⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠘⠥⠀⠑⠀⠌⠁⠞⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.