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Introduction to the scientific study of education ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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662,010 braille cells · 702 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,646 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠇⠑⠛⠊⠎⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠎⠀
⠥⠝⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠕⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠼⠁⠋⠑⠚⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠊⠉⠥⠞⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠺⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠓⠁⠙⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠁⠍⠃⠇⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠍⠁⠎⠎⠁⠉⠓⠥⠎⠑⠞⠞⠎⠀⠇⠁⠺⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠋⠙⠛⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠁⠍⠃⠇⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠎⠒⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠙⠑⠇⠥⠙⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠠⠎⠁⠞⠁⠝⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠅⠑⠑⠏⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠗⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠅⠑⠑⠏⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠀⠥⠝⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠞⠕⠝⠛⠥⠑⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠥⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠕⠝⠛⠥⠑⠎⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠎⠑⠝⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠇⠕⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠋⠁⠇⠎⠑⠀
⠛⠇⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠁⠊⠝⠞⠤⠎⠑⠑⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠙⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠥⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠧⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠑⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠞⠀
⠙⠑⠉⠗⠑⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠁⠀⠞⠕⠺⠝⠎⠓⠊⠏⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠙⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠊⠋⠞⠽⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠓⠕⠇⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠕⠝⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠗⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠕⠗⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠍⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠕⠀⠎⠞⠗⠊⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠕⠇⠎⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠊⠞⠓⠍⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.