Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Joseph Priestley / Braille

Joseph Priestley ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

431,464 braille cells · 457 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,489 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠊⠏⠑⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠗⠞⠽⠀⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎⠀⠁
⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠎⠂⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠉⠥⠗⠞⠁⠊⠇⠑⠙⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠠⠏⠗⠊⠑⠎⠞⠇⠑⠽⠄⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠑⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠑⠎⠃⠽⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠊⠑⠎⠞⠇⠑⠽⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠇⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠑⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠉⠓⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠽⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠕⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠁⠙⠁⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑
⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠄⠀⠎⠕⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠙⠁⠧⠑⠝⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠃⠑⠛⠊⠝⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠁⠗⠀⠋⠗⠥⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠑⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠥⠏⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠍⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠊⠑⠎⠞⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠟⠥⠊⠉⠅⠇⠽⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠙⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠗⠑⠙⠑⠑⠍⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠍⠊⠎⠑⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠁⠽⠎⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.