Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Joseph Priestley / Braille

Joseph Priestley ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

431,464 braille cells · 457 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,333 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠽⠀⠽⠕⠥⠝⠛⠑⠎⠞⠀⠀⠀⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠓⠁⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠙⠑⠁⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠀⠃⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠑⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠁⠅⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠍⠽⠀⠁⠥⠝⠞⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠍⠑⠂⠀⠀⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠂⠀⠄⠠⠇⠑⠞⠀⠍⠑⠀⠛⠕⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞
⠀⠋⠊⠝⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠲⠄⠀⠀⠠⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑
⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠍⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠠⠚⠕⠎⠑⠏⠓⠀⠠⠏⠗⠊⠑⠎⠞⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀
⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠠⠞⠊⠍⠕⠞⠓⠽⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠁⠝⠙⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗
⠀⠠⠎⠺⠊⠋⠞⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠗⠥⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀
⠙⠑⠁⠞⠓⠲⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠕⠍⠑⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠍⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀
⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠑⠁⠎⠽⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠉⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠙⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠓⠑⠁⠙⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠥⠝⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠇⠕⠞⠓⠤⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀
⠗⠁⠏⠊⠙⠇⠽⠤⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠊⠍⠕⠞⠓⠽⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠕⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀
⠃⠥⠎⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠇⠕⠞⠓⠤⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀
⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠍⠊⠝⠊⠎⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠙⠊⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠇⠑⠋⠞⠀⠥⠎⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠊⠝⠊⠎⠉⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀⠃⠕⠽⠓⠕⠕⠙⠲⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.