Library / Philosophy / What Does History Teach? / Braille
What Does History Teach? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
106,525 braille cells · 113 embossed pages at 40×25 · 648 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠐⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠛⠗⠁⠉⠡⠊⠂⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠫⠀⠮⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀ ⠗⠥⠇⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀⠮⠀⠸⠺⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠓⠕⠌⠊⠇⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀ ⠌⠁⠃⠃⠬⠀⠐⠕⠀⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠀⠯⠀⠉⠥⠞⠞⠬⠀⠐⠕⠀ ⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠄⠎⠀⠹⠗⠕⠁⠞⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠏⠇⠕⠞⠞⠬⠀⠯⠀⠉⠳⠝⠞⠻⠤⠏⠇⠕⠞⠞⠬⠀ ⠔⠀⠀⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠊⠧⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠌⠽⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠃⠁⠎⠢⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠮⠀ ⠋⠁⠩⠊⠕⠝⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠪⠀⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠑⠭⠑⠍⠏⠇⠊⠋⠊⠫⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠥⠀ ⠔⠀⠠⠊⠗⠑⠇⠯⠂⠤⠤⠮⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠎⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠁⠛⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠶⠀⠝ ⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠍⠁⠛⠕⠛⠥⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠊⠌⠕⠉⠗⠁⠉⠽⠆⠀⠵⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠫⠀⠔ ⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠝⠞⠢⠞⠂⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀ ⠋⠗⠑⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠊⠇⠇⠑⠛⠁⠇⠀⠧⠊⠕⠇⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠱⠕⠀⠀ ⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠉⠉⠥⠎⠫⠀⠷⠀⠌⠊⠗⠗⠬⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑ ⠀⠝⠀⠮⠀⠁⠛⠊⠞⠁⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠱⠕⠀⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠜⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠎⠉⠢⠑⠂⠀⠃⠀⠮⠀ ⠍⠁⠇⠁⠙⠍⠔⠊⠌⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠱⠕⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠸⠮⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠜⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀ ⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠜⠽⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠊⠝⠉⠇⠔⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠃⠑⠽⠀⠯⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀⠟⠥⠊⠑⠞⠇⠽⠆⠀ ⠊⠝⠎⠥⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠑⠭⠏⠢⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠋⠋⠁⠊⠗⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠇⠛⠫⠀⠀⠔⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠷⠀⠗⠑⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠯⠀ ⠮⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠷⠀⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠀ ⠍⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠞⠀⠱⠢⠑⠧⠻⠀⠮⠀⠍⠥⠇⠞⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠗⠥⠇⠫ ⠀⠗⠑⠃⠑⠇⠀⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠸⠮⠀⠗⠥⠇⠻⠎⠂⠀⠮⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠔⠁⠇⠀ ⠋⠁⠥⠇⠞⠤⠤⠠⠊⠀⠙⠀⠝⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠮⠀⠱⠕⠇⠑⠀⠃⠇⠁⠍⠑⠂⠀⠀⠿⠀⠵⠀⠹⠬⠎ ⠀⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠋⠀⠃⠁⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠕⠗⠎⠑⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠇⠁⠍⠑⠀⠯⠀ ⠃⠇⠥⠝⠙⠻⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠎⠤⠤⠃⠀⠮⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠔⠁⠇⠀⠋⠁⠥⠇⠞ ⠀⠯⠀⠛⠻⠍⠔⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠝⠞⠢⠞⠀⠀⠯⠀⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠞ ⠀⠥⠝⠟⠥⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠗⠥⠇⠻⠎⠲⠀⠠⠱⠁⠞⠑⠧⠻⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.