Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy / Braille

Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

513,956 braille cells · 541 embossed pages at 40×25 · 548 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠙⠑⠏⠢⠙⠆⠀⠀⠯⠀⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠍⠁⠮⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠽⠎⠊⠎⠀
⠁⠋⠿⠙⠎⠀⠧⠀⠏⠪⠻⠋⠥⠇⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠬⠀⠔⠀
⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠞⠻⠍⠎⠀⠮⠀⠙⠁⠞⠁⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀
⠁⠋⠞⠻⠺⠜⠙⠎⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠜⠊⠎⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠾⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠂⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠬⠀⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠘⠹⠀⠙⠁⠞⠁⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠔⠀⠮⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠫⠀⠏⠓⠢⠕⠍⠢⠁⠂⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇⠂⠀⠀⠔⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀
⠍⠕⠙⠑⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠬⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠂⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀⠔⠀⠀⠑⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜⠀⠊⠝⠌⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠝⠁⠧⠕⠊⠙⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠱⠢⠀⠀⠮⠀
⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠔⠉⠊⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠫⠀⠵⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠢⠞⠇⠽
⠀⠑⠌⠁⠃⠇⠊⠩⠫⠀⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠭⠲⠀⠠⠝⠪⠂⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠷
⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠽⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠗⠑⠉⠥⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠀⠮⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠷
⠀⠙⠽⠝⠁⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠉⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠵
⠀⠏⠥⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠁⠇⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠛⠁⠔⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠍⠍⠢⠎⠑⠀⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠀⠞⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠘⠹⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠎
⠀⠷⠀⠮⠍⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠮⠀⠁⠃⠌⠗⠁⠉⠞⠀⠀⠙⠽⠝⠁⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠔⠉⠊⠏⠇⠑⠎
⠀⠙⠀⠁⠋⠿⠙⠀⠙⠊⠌⠔⠉⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠔⠀⠀
⠧⠻⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠿⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠌
⠀⠯⠀⠋⠔⠑⠌⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠅⠔⠙⠲⠀⠠⠱⠢⠀⠺⠑⠀⠐⠺⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠺⠁⠽
⠀⠥⠏⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠐⠕⠀⠷⠀⠘⠮⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠀
⠸⠉⠀⠓⠑⠇⠏⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠬⠀⠮⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛⠑⠌⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠧⠁⠇⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠼⠁⠓⠊⠲⠶⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠀⠔⠀⠑⠀
⠹⠬⠀⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠬⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠋⠇⠥⠊⠙⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.