Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy / Braille

Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

513,956 braille cells · 541 embossed pages at 40×25 · 548 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠑⠍⠃⠜⠅⠫⠀⠔⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠑⠜⠡⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠿⠀⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠐⠕⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠫⠊⠉⠞⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽
⠀⠥⠇⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠓⠊⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠼⠁⠓⠙⠲⠶⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠀⠗⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠝⠛⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠧⠻⠎⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠙⠫⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠺⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠑⠀⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠸⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠕⠞⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠢⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠧⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠑⠂⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀
⠎⠉⠊⠢⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠑⠝⠟⠥⠊⠗⠽⠀⠙⠑⠍⠯⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠮⠀
⠁⠇⠞⠻⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠯⠀
⠙⠫⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠍⠑⠹⠕⠙⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠁⠹⠀⠃⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠺⠑⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠀⠅⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠎⠍⠕⠕⠹⠀⠯⠀⠃⠑⠁⠞⠢⠀⠔⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠇⠪⠻⠀
⠌⠑⠏⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠷⠞⠢⠀⠀⠁⠎⠉⠢⠙⠫⠀⠯⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠢⠙⠫⠂⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉
⠀⠎⠉⠁⠇⠑⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠑⠍⠔⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠉⠇⠊⠍⠃⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠁⠡⠊⠑⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀
⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠀⠎⠬⠇⠑⠀⠑⠋⠿⠞⠆⠀⠌⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠑⠌⠁⠃⠇⠊⠩⠫⠂⠀⠯⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠅⠑⠏⠞⠀⠀⠕⠏⠢⠀⠾⠀
⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠇⠪⠲⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠏⠓⠕⠗⠆⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠹⠬
⠀⠎⠀⠊⠝⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮
⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠎⠂⠀⠵⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠀
⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠊⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠢⠉⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠺⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀
⠁⠗⠗⠊⠧⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍
⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠢⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠽⠀⠷⠀
⠁⠀⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠇⠁⠺⠀⠷⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠥⠇⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠐⠕⠀⠞⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠜⠊⠇⠽⠀⠀⠏⠥⠞⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠜⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠇⠀⠮⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.