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Leonardo da Vinci, Pathfinder of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

248,160 braille cells · 261 embossed pages at 40×25 · 94 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
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⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠑⠛⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠊⠞⠓⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠂⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀
⠓⠑⠀⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠎⠑⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠀
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⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠙⠗⠁⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠁⠞⠕⠍⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠝⠙⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠎⠕⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠃⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠥⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠏⠥⠎⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠙
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠑⠭⠏⠁⠝⠙⠎⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀
⠽⠕⠥⠀⠞⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠃⠊⠉⠑⠏⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠁⠗⠍⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠕⠎⠑⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠊⠉⠑⠏⠎⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠀⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠑⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠑⠚⠙⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠁⠉⠓⠑⠙⠂⠀⠠⠇⠑⠕⠝⠁⠗⠙⠕⠄⠎⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠙⠑⠎⠞⠗⠕⠽⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠓⠕⠞⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠗⠁⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠙⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠗⠝⠕⠀⠗⠊⠧⠑⠗⠀⠀⠗⠑⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.