Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / An essay on the American contribution and the democratic idea / Braille

An essay on the American contribution and the democratic idea ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

103,568 braille cells · 111 embossed pages at 40×25

⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠥⠏⠗⠑⠍⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠥⠗⠞⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠁⠇⠁⠗⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠀⠏⠊⠞⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠑⠁⠗⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠏⠗⠊⠧⠁⠞⠑⠀⠉⠊⠞⠊⠵⠑⠝⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠗⠑⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠝⠞⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠥⠎⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠂⠤⠤⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠑⠙
⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀
⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠍⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠎⠏⠊⠗⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠃⠥⠎⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠛⠥⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠁⠉⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠀⠁⠺⠁⠅⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠧⠊⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠊⠁⠇⠊⠎⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠁⠥⠛⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠥⠝⠋⠁⠊⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠇⠁⠊⠍⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠗⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠆⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠑⠁⠗⠲⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠊⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑
⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠧⠕⠇⠥⠝⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠗⠁⠊⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠝⠕
⠀⠉⠕⠑⠗⠉⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠭⠑⠗⠞⠑⠙⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠀⠥⠝⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠤⠤⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.