Library / Education / Science and Culture, and Other Essays / Braille
Science and Culture, and Other Essays ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
574,275 braille cells · 609 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,981 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠑⠊⠛⠝⠀ ⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠊⠇⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠙⠗⠕⠏⠏⠑⠙⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠊⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠛⠗⠁⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠁⠗⠙⠤⠎⠑⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠆⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠛⠗⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠛⠗⠑⠺⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠑⠑⠂⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠀⠁⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠁⠧⠊⠁⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠋⠕⠺⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀⠎⠓⠑⠇⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠑⠝⠙⠕⠺⠍⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀ ⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠑⠙⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠽⠕⠥⠝⠛⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠎⠊⠞⠑⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠊⠞⠲⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠑⠂⠀⠃⠇⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀ ⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠺⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠀⠏⠑⠝⠑⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙ ⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠎⠑⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠕⠗⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠎⠑⠀⠎⠁⠺⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽ ⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠕⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠕⠀⠥⠝⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠁⠀ ⠛⠊⠋⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠥⠝⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠺⠁⠎⠞⠑⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠊⠉⠗⠁⠋⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠉⠓⠁⠗⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠃⠇⠑⠎⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠗⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠎⠕⠀⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠓⠁⠎ ⠀⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠗⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠉⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠃⠇⠊⠝⠙⠀⠁⠙⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠊⠗⠊⠞⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠎⠓⠑⠎⠤⠤⠠⠊⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠦⠏⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀ ⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠴⠤⠤⠛⠁⠧⠑⠀⠍⠕⠝⠑⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.