Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / On the various forces of nature and their relations to each other / Braille

On the various forces of nature and their relations to each other ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

370,469 braille cells · 392 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,446 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠋⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠕⠧⠑⠗⠉⠕⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠉⠕⠓⠑⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠎⠥⠛⠁⠗⠼⠁⠓⠂⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠑⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠝⠞⠊⠍⠕⠝⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀
⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠺⠑⠀⠏⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠍⠊⠭⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠀⠞⠕⠥⠉⠓⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠊⠉⠀
⠁⠉⠊⠙⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀⠋⠊⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠞⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠃⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠗⠀⠋⠇⠁⠍⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠋⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠋⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠺⠕⠝⠙⠑⠗⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠁⠛⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀
⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠍⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙
⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠁⠋⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠉⠇⠑⠁⠗⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠁⠇⠞⠎⠀⠙⠊⠎⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠼⠁⠊⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠉⠕⠇⠕⠥⠗⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠲
⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠋⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠊⠭⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.