Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / On the Philosophy of Discovery, Chapters Historical and Critical / Braille

On the Philosophy of Discovery, Chapters Historical and Critical ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

976,095 braille cells · 1,028 embossed pages at 40×25 · 6,319 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠎⠀⠮⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠥⠝⠊⠧⠻⠎⠁⠇⠎⠂⠀⠀⠯⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠙⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠆⠀⠠⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠸⠮⠀⠏⠗⠔⠉⠊⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠀⠯⠀
⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠼⠁⠁⠓⠲⠀⠠⠾⠳⠞⠀⠁⠎⠎⠻⠞⠬⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠗⠊⠛⠕⠗⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠭⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠍⠏⠜⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠍⠀
⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠯⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠮⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠧⠊⠑⠺⠂⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀
⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠅⠆⠀⠯⠀⠀⠮⠀⠑⠌⠁⠃⠇⠊⠩⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀
⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠔⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠞⠻⠊⠁⠇⠀⠌⠑⠏⠀⠔⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠀
⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠼⠁⠁⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠙⠲⠀⠶⠠⠛⠊⠕⠗⠙⠁⠝⠕⠀
⠠⠃⠗⠥⠝⠕⠲⠶⠤⠤⠠⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠮⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠝⠕⠧⠁⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠷
⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠐⠞⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠉⠑⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠿⠞⠥⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠠⠛⠊⠕⠗⠙⠁⠝⠕⠀⠠⠃⠗⠥⠝⠕⠂⠀⠱⠕⠀⠴⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠝⠕⠇⠁⠀⠀
⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠼⠁⠑⠑⠚⠀⠯⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠚⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑
⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠿⠍⠻⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠎⠡⠕⠕⠇⠀⠋
⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠏⠁⠝⠑⠇⠇⠁⠆⠀⠿⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠻⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠦⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠋
⠀⠀⠠⠊⠙⠑⠁⠎⠀⠯⠀⠝⠀⠋⠀⠠⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠎⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠀⠷⠀⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀
⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠔⠑⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠑⠀⠞⠻⠍⠎⠀⠮⠀⠠⠝⠕⠇⠁⠝⠀
⠠⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠴⠀⠁⠀⠵⠑⠁⠇⠳⠎⠀⠀⠏⠗⠕⠍⠥⠇⠛⠁⠞⠕⠗
⠀⠯⠀⠙⠑⠋⠢⠙⠻⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠉⠕⠏⠻⠝⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠎⠽⠌⠑⠍⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠥⠝⠊⠧⠻⠎⠑⠂⠀⠵⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠉⠫⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠀⠷⠀
⠠⠎⠉⠊⠢⠉⠑⠼⠁⠃⠚⠲⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠏⠁⠝⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠺⠗⠕⠞⠑⠀⠀⠔⠀
⠙⠑⠋⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠞⠀⠎⠽⠌⠑⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠹⠽⠀⠷⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅
⠀⠞⠀⠁⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠊⠎⠀⠷⠞⠢⠀⠟⠥⠕⠞⠫⠀⠋⠀⠀⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠉⠊⠎⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.