Library / Engineering & Technology / History of Sanitation / Braille
History of Sanitation ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
196,260 braille cells · 208 embossed pages at 40×25 · 834 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠁⠝⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑ ⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠲⠀⠠⠓⠁⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠛⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠁⠝⠊⠞⠁⠗⠊⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠎⠁⠝⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀ ⠺⠁⠎⠀⠙⠑⠑⠍⠑⠙⠀⠺⠕⠗⠞⠓⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠍⠁⠝⠑⠝⠞⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠊⠞⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠙⠑⠉⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠏⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠝⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠲⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠑⠗⠧⠑⠝⠞⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑ ⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠙⠑⠗⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀ ⠏⠇⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠏⠁⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠚⠲⠀⠠⠚⠲⠀ ⠠⠠⠉⠕⠎⠛⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠏⠓⠊⠇⠁⠙⠑⠇⠏⠓⠊⠁⠂⠀ ⠠⠠⠏⠑⠝⠝⠎⠽⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠑⠃⠗⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠁⠑⠞⠓⠂⠀ ⠼⠁⠊⠚⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀⠠⠝⠕⠞⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠍⠁⠗⠽⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠊⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠂⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠁⠗⠅⠑⠞⠀⠠⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠁⠗⠙⠀ ⠠⠏⠇⠥⠍⠃⠊⠝⠛⠀⠠⠋⠊⠭⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠃⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀⠠⠛⠕⠕⠙⠎⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠲⠀ ⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀ ⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠠⠁⠙⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.