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Spitzen und ihre Charakteristik ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

162,780 braille cells · 175 embossed pages at 40×25 · 4,523 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠁⠉⠓⠛⠑⠁⠓⠍⠞⠀⠺⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠙⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀⠎⠑⠉⠓⠎⠞⠑⠀
⠠⠎⠑⠊⠞⠑⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠍⠁⠎⠉⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠗⠙⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠝⠀⠧⠕⠝⠀⠙⠑⠍⠀
⠑⠊⠛⠑⠝⠞⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠀⠠⠕⠗⠝⠁⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠛⠑⠃⠊⠇⠙⠑⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠁⠞⠎⠉⠓⠇⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠃⠑⠝⠀⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠗⠁⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠑⠞⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠧⠑⠝⠑⠞⠊⠁⠝⠊⠎⠉⠓⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠅⠎⠞⠍⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠎⠂⠀⠎⠊⠑⠀⠀⠎⠊⠝⠙⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠀⠃⠇⠑⠊⠃⠑⠝⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀⠗⠑⠊⠵⠑⠝⠙⠑⠀⠠⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠅⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠎⠞⠑⠞⠎⠀⠍⠊⠞⠀⠊⠓⠗⠑⠗⠀⠠⠓⠑⠊⠍⠁⠞⠀⠑⠝⠛⠀⠀⠧⠑⠗⠺⠁⠉⠓⠎⠑⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠀⠺⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝⠀⠝⠊⠑⠍⠁⠇⠎⠀⠁⠥⠑⠗⠀⠊⠍⠀
⠠⠧⠑⠝⠑⠞⠊⠁⠝⠊⠎⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠛⠑⠍⠁⠉⠓⠞⠂⠀⠺⠓⠗⠑⠝⠙⠀⠀⠊⠓⠗⠑⠀
⠅⠥⠝⠎⠞⠧⠕⠇⠇⠑⠝⠀⠠⠎⠉⠓⠺⠑⠎⠞⠑⠗⠝⠂⠀⠃⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠺⠕⠀⠚⠑⠀
⠠⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠀⠑⠗⠵⠑⠥⠛⠞⠀⠺⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝⠂⠀⠀⠛⠇⠑⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠉⠓⠝⠀
⠕⠙⠑⠗⠀⠎⠉⠓⠝⠑⠗⠀⠝⠁⠉⠓⠛⠑⠁⠓⠍⠞⠀⠺⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝⠂⠀
⠓⠁⠥⠏⠞⠎⠉⠓⠇⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠃⠑⠇⠛⠊⠑⠝⠀⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠅⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠇⠎⠀⠝⠥⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠧⠑⠝⠑⠙⠊⠛⠀⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠃⠑⠗⠞⠎⠀⠠⠎⠉⠓⠏⠋⠥⠝⠛⠀⠤⠤⠀
⠶⠙⠑⠗⠀⠋⠗⠁⠝⠵⠎⠊⠎⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠀⠠⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠤⠠⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠊⠑⠶⠀
⠤⠤⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠓⠁⠥⠏⠞⠁⠥⠎⠋⠥⠓⠗⠀⠝⠁⠉⠓⠀⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠅⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠑⠛⠞⠑⠀⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠗⠓⠁⠥⠏⠞⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀
⠠⠋⠓⠗⠥⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠍⠕⠙⠑⠋⠗⠁⠛⠑⠝⠀⠃⠑⠗⠝⠁⠓⠍⠂⠀⠞⠗⠁⠞⠀
⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠀⠵⠑⠊⠞⠺⠑⠊⠇⠊⠛⠑⠀⠠⠎⠞⠁⠛⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠑⠗⠵⠑⠥⠛⠥⠝⠛⠀⠑⠊⠝⠂⠀⠙⠕⠉⠓⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠇⠑⠓⠗⠞⠑⠀⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠧⠑⠝⠑⠞⠊⠁⠝⠑⠗⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀⠑⠓⠑⠍⠁⠇⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠵⠕⠎⠑⠝⠀⠃⠑⠊⠀⠊⠓⠝⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠇⠑⠓⠗⠑⠀⠀
⠛⠑⠛⠁⠝⠛⠑⠝⠀⠺⠁⠗⠑⠝⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠗⠁⠉⠓⠞⠑⠞⠑⠝⠀⠎⠊⠑⠀⠚⠑⠞⠵⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.