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Spitzen und ihre Charakteristik ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

162,780 braille cells · 175 embossed pages at 40×25 · 4,523 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠥⠝⠑⠊⠝⠛⠑⠎⠉⠓⠗⠝⠅⠞⠑⠀⠀⠠⠧⠑⠗⠺⠑⠗⠞⠥⠝⠛⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀
⠋⠇⠁⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠧⠑⠝⠑⠵⠊⠁⠝⠊⠎⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠀⠤⠤⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞
⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠀⠙⠑⠀⠠⠧⠑⠝⠊⠎⠑⠀⠑⠗⠊⠝⠝⠑⠗⠝⠀⠀⠎⠞⠁⠗⠅⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠠⠅⠇⠏⠏⠑⠇⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠎⠊⠑⠀⠎⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀⠊⠓⠗⠀⠠⠝⠁⠍⠑
⠀⠎⠁⠛⠞⠂⠀⠎⠞⠑⠞⠎⠀⠛⠁⠝⠵⠀⠋⠇⠁⠉⠓⠂⠀⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠑⠝⠞⠃⠑⠓⠗⠑⠝⠀
⠎⠕⠛⠁⠗⠀⠙⠁⠎⠀⠠⠗⠑⠇⠊⠑⠋⠀⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠀⠙⠁⠎⠀⠠⠉⠕⠗⠙⠕⠝⠑⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠛⠑⠙⠁⠉⠓⠞⠑⠀⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠺⠕⠓⠇⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠛⠑⠋⠓⠗⠞⠑⠀⠠⠵⠑⠊⠉⠓⠝⠥⠝⠛⠀⠍⠊⠞⠀⠧⠊⠑⠇⠑⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠚⠕⠥⠗⠎⠀⠇⠞⠀⠀⠍⠑⠓⠗⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀
⠍⠑⠉⠓⠁⠝⠊⠎⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠠⠅⠝⠝⠑⠝⠀⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠃⠇⠊⠉⠅⠑⠝⠂⠀⠓⠃⠎⠉⠓⠑
⠀⠵⠁⠓⠇⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠀⠏⠊⠉⠕⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀
⠵⠊⠑⠗⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠙⠗⠑⠊⠞⠑⠊⠇⠊⠛⠑⠝⠀⠠⠗⠕⠎⠑⠞⠞⠑⠝⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀
⠠⠑⠊⠎⠝⠁⠙⠑⠇⠝⠂⠀⠑⠗⠊⠝⠝⠑⠗⠝⠀⠀⠁⠝⠀⠙⠑⠝⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠙⠑⠀
⠗⠕⠎⠑⠆⠀⠑⠎⠀⠎⠊⠝⠙⠀⠧⠑⠗⠓⠇⠞⠝⠊⠎⠍⠊⠛⠀⠇⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀
⠠⠎⠞⠃⠉⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠙⠑⠝⠑⠝⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀⠵⠁⠗⠞⠑⠀⠠⠅⠗⠊⠎⠞⠁⠇⠇⠑
⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠠⠁⠝⠵⠁⠓⠇⠀⠁⠝⠍⠥⠞⠊⠛⠑⠗⠀⠏⠊⠉⠕⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠛⠑⠗⠑⠊⠓⠞
⠀⠀⠎⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠃⠑⠗⠀⠊⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠃⠗⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠊⠓⠗⠑⠀⠠⠵⠑⠊⠉⠓⠝⠥⠝⠛⠂⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀
⠉⠗⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠙⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠍⠊⠝⠥⠑⠝⠙⠕⠀⠁⠥⠋⠤⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠃⠎⠉⠓⠺⠊⠇⠇⠞⠂⠀⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠉⠓⠑⠊⠙⠑⠞⠀⠎⠊⠉⠓⠀⠀⠧⠕⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠗⠁⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠙⠑⠗⠀⠙⠑⠝⠀⠎⠕⠛⠑⠝⠁⠝⠝⠞⠑⠝⠀
⠑⠊⠛⠑⠝⠞⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠧⠑⠝⠑⠞⠊⠁⠝⠑⠗⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠎⠑
⠀⠑⠗⠊⠝⠝⠑⠗⠝⠂⠀⠺⠑⠝⠝⠀⠁⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠠⠛⠁⠞⠞⠥⠝⠛⠂⠀⠑⠃⠑⠝⠋⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠠⠅⠇⠏⠏⠑⠇⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠀⠵⠺⠁⠗⠀⠁⠝⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠃⠝⠙⠑⠇⠎⠏⠊⠞⠵⠑⠝⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀⠎⠊⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.