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Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal / Braille

The Panama Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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71,813 braille cells · 76 embossed pages at 40×25 · 44 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠏⠇⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠼⠁⠁⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠑⠃⠗⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞
⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠁⠧⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠊⠎⠍⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠙⠑⠃⠗⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠙⠑⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠎⠕⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠺⠁⠎⠓⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇
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⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠞⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠛⠁⠞⠥⠝⠀⠙⠁⠍⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀
⠇⠊⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠑⠗⠉⠕⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠛⠁⠞⠥⠝⠀
⠠⠙⠁⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠛⠁⠞⠥⠝⠀⠙⠁⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠽⠙⠗⠁⠥⠇⠊⠉⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠥⠍⠏⠎⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠥⠉⠅⠀⠥⠏⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠙⠑⠃⠗⠊⠎⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠁⠛⠗⠑⠎⠀⠗⠊⠧⠑⠗⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠺⠁⠍⠏⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠕⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠙⠑⠃⠗⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠅⠑⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠁⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠥⠝⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠁⠍⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠗⠥⠝⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠋⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠛⠑⠁⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠓⠽⠙⠗⠁⠥⠇⠊⠉⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠇⠑⠗⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠊⠎⠞⠓⠍⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠙⠁⠽⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.